· Peat is biochemically carbonized reeds, mosses, and other aquatic plants that grow in wetlands repeatedly over thousands of years.

· Peat usually contains more than 90% organic matter and is reddish brown or dark brown in color.

· It is porous because it is not subjected to strong pressure from the ground, and has a porosity (cell) of 60~85%.
Depending on the material, it is divided into sedimentary peat, fibrous peat, and woody peat that have settled and accumulated under water.

· Peat has the advantage of absorbing water and moisture and deodorizing odors.
It is used for agricultural purposes such as land improvement agents and microbial activity promoters, and for medical purposes such as deodorizers and preservatives, and is used as a raw material for fertilizer and feed.

· Peat has a large cation exchange capacity, so it has good holding power (fertilizer properties).

· Peat removes residual pesticides (herbicides, insecticides).

1. High porosity
It increases soil ventilation and water retention by changing the soil structure into a granular structure (pore cell)
1kg of peat can absorb 9~18kg of moisture and 15~30g of ammonia gas, and absorbs soil nutrients and moisture like a sponge
Supplies nutrients and moisture required by plants over a long period of time, maintains soil nutrients
When peat bedding is used in livestock sheds, the concentration of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the air decreases by 2.5 times, and the relative humidity decreases from 100% to 75%

2. High ventilation
It strengthens the roots by increasing soil ventilation, reducing diseases and pests
Provides conditions that promote the growth of plant roots

1. Organic matter and trace elements
Contains up to 63% of organic compounds that promote fermentation
Easy to produce organic nitrogen (organic fertilizer), and also contains up to 55% of humic substances (humic acid), which are substances that make up soil organic matter
Contains nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and trace elements essential for plant growth

2. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
Ability to ionize effective ingredients such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, and zinc so that they can be absorbed by crops

3. Contains a large amount of humic acids
Contains up to 55% of humic substances
Inhibits the penetration and reproduction of harmful pathogens. The reproduction rate of streptococcus is reduced by more than 150 times in peat
Very effective in increasing beneficial microorganisms, promotes plant growth with soil improvement effect
Promotes, increases microbial mass 100 times when peat is added to livestock manure, and increases microbial mass up to 2,000 times when peat is added to soil